; Arizona Ticket # 10859 Brian F. (2) Church bingo or raffle, where the proceeds support the church and its charitable missions. State Sen. to 9 p. We use cookies to improve security, personalize the user experience, enhance our marketing activities (including cooperating with our marketing partners) and for other business use. rake), as strictly illegal. Raffles were illegal in Texas. com and be sure to leave a message if the voice mail comes on. The loophole has been used repeatedly by Texas law enforcement agencies to deny family members and the. In Texas, raffles are governed by the Charitable Raffle Enabling Act. This post is all about raffles – learning about them, playing them, and (hopefully) winning them. A loophole used by a Texas gunman to obtain an assault-style rifle, after failing a background check in 2014, seems unlikely to be closed any time soon despite new measures introduced by Texas Gov. Except as provided by Section 2002. Refreshed: 2023-07-23 Under Texas law, a “raffle” consists of the awarding of one or more prizes by chance at a single occasion among a single pool or group of persons. Texas lawmakers are working to plug a gap in a 2009 law that was meant to keep people with a history. 5% in the last year. You must be registered with the Texas Secretary of State. Penal Code § 47. Occ. First, nonprofit organizations must report raffle prizes to the IRS whenever the value of the payout to the winner is at least 300 times the amount of the wager. No. Tarrant Texas USLegal Pamphlet on How to Conduct a Raffle. In Texas, a raffle is the award of one or more prizes by chance at a single occasion among a single pool or group of persons who have paid or been promised a. Raffles are a big deal in America. The purchase of only one raffle ticket is required to enter the raffle. Under Texas law, a “raffle” consists of the awarding of one or more prizes by chance at a single occasion among a single pool or group of persons. We use cookies to improve security, personalize the user experience, enhance our marketing activities (including cooperating with our marketing partners) and for other business use. Click on the link in bio, read carefully all the other rules and fill the form. Code Ann. Law closes gap revealed by ProPublica and The Texas Tribune in 2022. Since KPRC 2′s report on the gun raffle for a youth softball league in Montgomery County, the league has since decided to give out a gift card to a gun and ammo store as the prize instead of the. He says law enforcement has taken advantage of it to hide information when a suspect dies in police custody. Monday 4:00 pm - 10:00 pm. An additional benefit for study participants is THE RAFFLE, and you're a. June 28, 2021 at 12:15 PM. This guide provides an overview of the resources available online and through our library pertaining to the Texas laws on raffles, contests, and sweepstakes. AUSTIN, Texas (AP) — As public pressure mounts for more information on the deadly Uvalde school shooting, some are concerned that Texas officials will use a legal loophole to block records from being released — even to the victims’ families — once the case is closed. Bankruptcy. New York is in fifth place at 8. Browse the online library of over 85,000 legal forms and find the ones that match your unique needs. § 16-12-51. Finally, always make sure you award your prize. GENERAL . An association or a local. Houston Texas Rules and Regulations of an Online Contest. Under Texas law, most charities and nonprofit organizations soliciting charitable donations from Texas donors are not required to register to solicit. Following the shooting, Texas House of Representatives Speaker Dade Phelan, a Republican, took to Twitter to voice his continued support for closing the loophole during the Texas Legislature's. We think all the participants are winners because through the study they have received results from a carotid artery ultrasound and lab tests, which are indicators of heart health. We use cookies to improve security, personalize the user experience, enhance our marketing activities (including cooperating with our marketing partners) and for other business use. AUSTIN, Texas — As public pressure mounts for more information on the deadly Uvalde school shooting, some are concerned that Texas officials will use a legal loophole to block records from being released — even to the victims' families — once the case is closed. Penal Code § 47. I was thinking "not sure about the chorizo" but it wasn't greasy at all. How To Organize A Raffle in 7 Easy Steps. She told NPR on Monday: 600 women a year are killed with guns who are in some kind of a relationship with the guy. Joe Moody, who is trying to pass a bill this legislative session that would close the loophole, told the news organizations the use of the exception in the case of a. 4. HB 236 would. ). If you purchase more than one raffle ticket, your entries will be in consecutive order. raffle with several choices on what the winner can receive. The current plan is to purchase a small. Is gambling generally legal in Texas? Article III, Section 47(a) of the Texas Constitution requires the Legislature to pass. All raffle tickets in Texas have to list the name and address of the charitable organization, the price of the ticket, a list of prizes valued at $10 or more and the date of the raffle. GENERAL . ; Virginia Ticket # 14112 Danny W. ). In this chapter: (1) "Charitable purposes" means: (A) benefitting needy or deserving persons in this state, indefinite in number, by: (i) enhancing their opportunities for religious or. Support the Texas Rangers Baseball Foundation every Rangers home game by participating in the Texas 2 Split 50/50 Raffle. The Texas Senate on Wednesday passed a bill that would close a loophole in state law that had allowed gun sales to people who were involuntarily hospitalized for mental illness between the ages of 16 and 18. Easily download and print documents with US Legal Forms. This claim is false. Notify winners by email, not social media. The Texas Medical Association notes it is one of the worst ways to spread the virus. I’m wondering if it would be possible to exploit a loophole to avoid paying OOS tuition and establish domicile. Texas only allows places to raffle off items up to a certain value. The DOJ issued its proposed rules. Tag 3 friends in the comments 5. A North Texas school district has made masks a part of its dress code for the academic year, hoping to exploit a possible loophole in Republican Gov. As used in this part, the term: (1) “Bingo game. Recently I have found a way where I could make a lot of money "raffling" off goods through facebook as so many others are doing right. A link is included for finding specific information on the legal requirements for. You must have been in existence for at least three years. Alex Stuckey. For drawing dates awarding no more than $500 in prizes, the cost is $15. In order to legally hold a raffle in Texas, you must meet the following requirements: You must be a qualified organization. Ron Reynolds, D-Missouri City, has proposed a bill that would close the gun show loophole, which allows purchasers to avoid a criminal background check at Texas. 00 or less; and Fifty-fifty raffles in which the raffle tickets are sold In his book Glock: The Rise of America's Gun, Paul Barrett traces how the sleek, high-capacity Austrian weapon found its way into Hollywood films and rap lyrics, not to mention two-thirds of all U. It may not sound like much but this amounted to 533 million dollars in prizes in Texas in 2011. Find professional Texas Administration of lotteries for others forms all in one place. DAVIES: That's Texas State Representative Joe Moody, vice chair of the state House committee investigating the Uvalde shooting. . Texas House Speaker Dade Phelan, a Republican from Beaumont, raised concerns about the “dead suspect loophole” in a tweet this month. texas lottery claim form pdf. § 16-12-51. From the time gates open until the end of the sixth inning, fans may obtain raffle tickets from roaming sellers and stationary kiosks located throughout Globe Life Field. Section 2002. In summary, the law is quite clear on the subject of raffles even though the practice in the community is not compliant. Get the up-to-date small draw financial report 2023 currently Get Form. Now, eligible Texans are granted access to medical marijuana thanks to the state’s Compassionate. 18 live on Facebook. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Fans who purchase raffle tickets by 5 p. She charges that Delaware’s background check system is not “comprehensive” and says that’s “a system loophole. “They said Graham had been in trouble and he is in. The measure, House Bill 30 by El Paso Democrat Joe Moody, would close what has been called "the dead suspect loophole" that has been used by law enforcement agencies to block the release of police. The Texas Attorney General’s website provides more information. Just last year’s use of the loophole by Texas teachers will cost Social Security $355 million — and that will multiply as more public employees around the country learn to exploit the loophole. nonprofit organization that has been in existence for at least three years may hold raffles in Texas. Raffle Prizes. When it comes to analyzing the crime and discerning how. It’s not a small issue; in January, $763. ASSOCIATED PRESS. Raffles Texas Democratic state Rep. Make these simple steps to Draw On Legal Texas Churches Forms online: Collin Texas USLegal Pamphlet on How to Conduct a Raffle. S. Texas lawmakers have closed a loophole in state law that allowed people who had serious mental. Regulated by the Texas Lottery Commission, authorized members of the Charitable Bingo Operations Division (that’s really what they’re called) are allowed to offer Bingo sessions three times a week with a maximum cash prize of $750. on other days of the week. Online PDF editors have proved their trustworthiness and efficiency for legal paperwork execution. Dyer recounts a late night phone call he received in 2013 about his 18-year old son Graham. Two police transparency bills filed in recent days would close the so-called dead-suspect loophole, which allows agencies to keep many records of a death in custody secret, and reform the laws for. The first is Gov. Texas Gambling Laws—Best Legal Poker Sites [Updated in 2021] A BIG Loophole. Cease losing time with endless searches for industry-specific legal blanks and take advantage of the biggest online library of Texas Administration of lotteries. on other days of the week. They exploit a loophole in the law – if the promoter adds a ‘free entry’ option or introduce an element of skill (a question to answer, or a spot-the-ball challenge, for example), they are considered to be prize draws or competitions. texas lottery claim center. In 2005, after years of resistance, Texas finally capitulated by putting in place the least onerous program it could muster and leaving a huge loophole. C. To assist in answering those questions, our librarians have created a Raffles, Contests, and Sweepstakes research guide. The Texas Raffle Contract and Agreement is a legal document that outlines the terms and conditions for conducting a raffle in the state of Texas. Saturday, April 8, 2017. Subtitle A, Title 13, Occupations Code, is amended by adding Chapter 2004 to read as follows: CHAPTER 2004. You have to determine if the raffle is for charity or for profit. Shallow raffle finance report. Senator Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) and U. AUSTIN, Texas – Texas has more than 1. A 2019 attempt to close the loophole died in the Texas Senate but, in the wake of the Robb Elementary School shooting, there are renewed calls to ensure transparency surrounding police records. What happened to the missing bill closing the ‘dead suspect loophole?’ A bill crafted to close Texas’ “dead suspect loophole,” which advocates say will increase transparency in police investigations, may be dead itself – despite being passed by the House and Senate. That's the finding of a recent investigation from the California Newsroom, MuckRock and the. Donors who purchase items at a charity auction may claim a charitable contribution deduction for the excess of the purchase price paid for an item over its fair market value. Two types of student organizations may conduct raffles: an association organized primarily for religious purposes that has been in existence in Texas for at least 10 years; orTexas Fails to Close Out-Dated Loophole. Saturday, April 8, 2017. You can win. AUSTIN, Texas (AP) — As public pressure mounts for more information on the deadly Uvalde school shooting, some are concerned that Texas officials will use a legal loophole to block records from. Barrera. funds act can a nonprofit do a 50/50 raffle texas raffle loophole michigan raffle financial statement. BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: SECTION 1. It’s not a small issue; in January, $763. On Thursday, Escott, the Austin-Travis County health official, placed the county in Stage 4 of its public health guidelines, which urges restaurants, including reclassified bars, to voluntarily. But the Houston senator. Eligibility: Online contests must clearly define who is. relating to the conduct and promotion of charitable raffles. Sep 5, 2023 — The entry must fulfill all sweepstakes requirements, as specified, to. The Biden administration on Thursday proposed rules intended to require people selling firearms at gun shows and on the internet to conduct background checks on potential buyers, in an effort to. Yes. The IRS has imposed a variety of reporting requirements for nonprofit raffles, whether online or not. This loophole allows machines to award players with non-cash prize payouts of less than $5. Texas State Raffle. ”. HB 2744 would raise the age to purchase an AR-15 from 18 to 21. But in the penal code, there’s a way to run a private club that gives you a defense against prosecution for illegal gambling,” said Texas Card House CEO Ryan. Certain qualified entities are now allowed to conduct raffles, but the legislature has placed strict. Under Texas law, only certain types of organizations can hold charitable raffles: These laws are in the Charitable Raffle Enabling Act and the Professional Sports Team Charitable Foundation Raffle Enabling Act in Chapters 2002 and 2004 of the Texas Occupations Code, respectively. S. ” “Following this investigation, I introduced a new bill, S. They were denied, citing numerous Texas Open Records Act exemptions, including one called the dead suspect loophole. § 16-12-50. VFW Post Operating Hours. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. GENERAL PROVISIONS. But because the gunman was killed, a legal loophole may prevent the release of some records. The raffle will take place Dec. Whether it’s a 50/50 at a little league baseball game, a graduation night giveaway, or a church fundraiser offering gift certificates and vacation getaways, the raffle is an important part of the American gambling scene. At issue is whether a key piece of one of. SUBCHAPTER A. AUSTIN — A Texas Senate bill aims to close the gun show loophole. Raleigh Merriam Selby III, 56, Jack Don Sims, 57, and James Cary Bennett, 79, were arrested in the sting operation, and each. online raffle laws texas. 2002. Follow @deargeorgeco 2. Tex. It is the intention of the General Assembly that, except for recreational bingo, only nonprofit, tax-exempt organizations which are properly licensed pursuant to this part shall be allowed to operate bingo games. Robert Dyer makes a pot of coffee in his home in the Piney Woods, outside of Paris, Texas. SCOTT SIMON, HOST: The people responsible for improving air quality are increasingly turning to a little-known rule to meet federal clean air standards for millions of Americans, and they do so even as wildfire smoke becomes more common. SHORT TITLE. texas lottery claim form pdf. Many states protect equity through the foreclosure process. They are on display from Nov. A Uvalde police SUV passes by a memorial in honor of the 21 victims of a mass shooting at Robb Elementary School in Uvalde, Texas on Wednesday, June 1, 2022. In this guide you will find information on the rules and guidelines to follow if your organization is considering holding a raffle in Massachusetts. He went on to tweet, “I think it’s time we pass legislation to end the dead suspect loophole for good in 2023. Amy Klobuchar has been pushing to close the loophole for a decade. That can mean problems for those nonprofit organizations wishing to set up raffles for fundraising. The raffle will take place Dec. The state of Texas has specific guidelines to ensure fairness, transparency, and legality in online contests. General view at Robb Elemntary School following yesterdays mass shooting on May 25, 2022 in Uvalde, Texas, USA. We recently published a new Raffles, Contests, and Sweepstakes research guide. On this page you'll find links to the laws as well as to other resources that discuss contests, sweepstakes, and raffles in “plain English. In its first bill passed this session, the Texas Senate sought to ensure juvenile mental health. Individuals and for profit businesses may not hold raffles. And, although I have not researched this matter in all 50 states, I can tell you that in general all states have anti-gambling laws that prevent anyone from competing with the state lottery; which your raffle would do. No one may be compensated. In 2019, with the passage of SB1264, Texas went from having one of the worst records for surprise medical bills to having some of the. New Penal Code section 320. texas sweepstakes 2021. The Frome raffle-ruiner reminded me of Mahfouz Marei Mubarak bin Mahfouz, the Saudi tycoon who, in 2016, was discreetly presented with an honorary CBE by Prince Charles. District of Columbia. Dade Phelan, a Republican representing District 21 in southeast Texas, is among lawmakers in recent days who have called for the Texas Legislature to address the loophole. An unprecedented number of people who are legally barred from owning guns managed. The law closes a gap revealed by ProPublica and The Texas Tribune in 2022. The second way would let the entrant control. Texas 2 Split 50/50 Raffle presented by Kroger. This chapter may be cited as the Charitable Raffle Enabling Act. Make adjustments. Berk Sutherland talks with his father, Dan, last month at. Make use of Visa or Mastercard or PayPal account to finish the deal. Individuals and for profit businesses may not hold raffles. AUSTIN, Texas (TEXAS TRIBUNE) - The Texas Senate on Wednesday passed a bill that would close a loophole in state law that had allowed gun sales to people. The report highlights the total numbers of firearms manufactured, sold, imported, and exported in the US as well as various NFA statistics and Federal Firearms Licensee (FFL) data. House Bill 30, a priority of state Democratic Rep. ARTICLE 3. SCOTT SIMON, HOST: The people responsible for improving air quality are increasingly turning to a little-known rule to meet federal clean air standards for millions of Americans, and they do so even as wildfire smoke becomes more common. $50,000 for most items, but they also allow places to raffle off homes as long as their valuation is below $250,0000. This guide was created in order to provide information about the Texas laws on raffles, contests, and sweepstakes. Even in states where marijuana is outlawed, a loophole in federal drug law is allowing the sale of "Delta 8" products, a substance made by isolating a type of THC in the hemp plant that isn't illegal. Local laws should be consulted to determine any specific requirements for such a form in a particular jurisdiction. Texas lawmakers closed a background check loophole, but many gun measures failed to pass. 75% as of the 2021 tax year. Texas Occupations Code Chapter 2002 – Charitable Raffles Statutes Occ. DALLAS — A subtle design feature of the AR-15 rifle has raised a technical legal question that is derailing cases against people who are charged with illegally buying and selling the gun’s parts or building the weapon. San Antonio Texas Official Rules for Online Sweepstakes. The lack of the AG's opinion leaves the interpretation of Texas' gambling law . But ten states leave open exceptions or loopholes through which government or private entities can still seize equity. 01 et seq. 16 through Dec. S. and Texas state flags fly over the state Capitol building on July 12, 2021 in Austin, Texas. One of those regulations could be huge for doctors in California and Texas. Less than 24 hours later, the U. operating the raffle must be an employee of the nonprofit organization conducting the raffle (no problem because we’re all unpaid volunteers); but third, at least 90% of the raffle proceeds must be used to support California charities (a potential problem because the amount of a cash prize is thereby limited). To purchase tickets, please contact either Matt Moore at 432. By law, federal agencies such as ATF must consult the public when creating, modifying, or deleting rules in the Code of Federal Regulations. SECTION 1. R-Plano, carried SB 728, the gun bill closing the background check loophole. RAFFLE UPDATE: As of 9/29/2023, An unbelievable 1900 tickets have been sold! We're less than 5 months in and more than half of the tickets. 85%. On this page you'll find links to the laws as well as to other resources that discuss contests, sweepstakes, and raffles in “plain English. Bexar Texas USLegal Pamphlet on How to Conduct a Raffle. What if a raffle cannot be held on the date scheduled? In Texas, a raffle is the award of one or more prizes by chance at a single occasion among a single pool or group of persons who have paid or been promised a thing of value for a ticket that represents a chance to win a prize. The state hosted the National Rifle Association’s annual meeting two weeks. Houston Texas Rules and Regulations of an Online Contest. Texas in the early 20th century. Each raffle ticket must state: 1) the name of the organization conducting the raffle; 2) the address of the organization or of a named officer of the organization; 3) the ticket price; 4) a general description of each prize having a value of more than $10; and 5) the date on which the raffle prize(s) will be awarded. AUSTIN, Texas (AP) — As public pressure mounts for more information on the deadly Uvalde school shooting, some are concerned that Texas officials will use a legal loophole to block records from being released — even to the victims’ families — once the case is closed. DocHub Reviews. Raffle tickets are one (1) for $25, or three (3) for $50, ten (10) for $100, and are available forThe Texas Ethics Commission told them they were both right. Cortes served from 2007 until his resignation in 2010. By Matt Grant KXAN Originally published April 13, 2023. Description This pamphlet provides an overview of the general requirements for conducting a raffle. PROHIBITION ON LOTTERIES AND GIFT ENTERPRISES; EXCEPTIONS FOR CHARITABLE BINGO, CHARITABLE RAFFLES, AND STATE LOTTERIES. Meanwhile, state and federal regulators largely looked the other way. Texas Leasing of casino games - get access to a huge library of legal forms. DAVIES: Texas Public Radio and other news organizations filed open records request for public documents related to the May 24 massacre. 1 day ago · Gators 50|50 Raffle Fans can enter the Gators 50|50 Raffle, presented by the UF Bookstore, beginning at 8 a. Then post it somewhere people can find it. They also cannot operate on New Year's Day, Thanksgiving. Load, edit and print out and indication the delivered electronically Maryland USLegal Pamphlet on How to Conduct a Raffle. Period. The DOJ issued its proposed rules. Skip to main content. Aug 18, 2021. Those bars and nightclubs are some of the more than 2,500 so far that have been permitted to reopen by the state on the promise that in the middle of a pandemic. Chris Paddie to stop lobbying after regulators crack down on loophole he used. . State Representatives and their families sit on the House floor on the opening day of the 88th. Texas Senate passes first bill this session, a bipartisan effort to close teen gun loophole. 00 and are limited to 520 raffle tickets. The Charitable Raffle Enabling Act. " Tickets are three for five dollars, ten for ten dollars and. Texas, citing both Jester and Davis, agreed that: (1) the pretense of free prizes does not negate consideration; and (2) the primary subject of the transaction must be the product and not the game. Then post it somewhere people can find it. Why it matters: It's the biggest and boldest invocation yet of the so-called Texas two-step defense. Oregon takes second place at 9. Poker News Live Events 1 Following that, you are able to down load the Texas Tournament Action Finance Agreement web template. After a ProPublica-Texas Tribune investigation found courts failed to report juvenile mental health. AUSTIN — A Texas Senate bill aims to close the gun show loophole. 15,005. Drawings, on the other hand, are entry-based: you could have a limit of one entry per person or have rewards of entries based on a variety of things (how many times you attend a meeting, how much money you raised in a fundraiser, etc. Craving a burger so headed to the Loophole upon recommendation and I was not disappointed! Taste was awesome, had the special of the day that included a jalpeno sauce and chorizo. Sept. Joe Moody, who is trying to pass a bill this legislative session that would close the loophole, told the news organizations the use of the exception in the case of a. Jun 2016. Qualified organizations may hold up to two raffles per calendar year, with certain specified restrictions. The American Opportunity tax credit is based on 100% of the first $2,000 spent on qualifying college expenses, and 25% of the next $2,000—for a maximum annual credit per student of $2,500. police departments. Mobile. ” These guidelines come from the Charitable Raffle Enabling Act (CREA), effective January 1,. I live in another state but have lived in Texas in the past and have friends in Austin. If you have any questions on the material contained in this guide please contact the Non-Profit Organizations/ Public Charities Division of the Attorney General. GENERAL PROVISIONS Sec. ; Colorado Ticket # 38347 Demond H. 5 ConcernedTreasurer writes: People usually buy raffle tickets. Charity Auctions. 01. Supreme Court Justice Brett M. 001 Short Title. Raffles were illegal in Texas until 1989, even if the raffle was conducted by a charity. This is only applicable if the prize value exceeds $600, with the amount of the. Introduction. As public pressure mounts for more information on the deadly Uvalde school shooting, some are concerned that Texas officials will use a legal loophole to block records from being released — even to the victims' families — once the case is closed. The Texas Senate on Wednesday passed a bill that would close a loophole in state law that had allowed gun sales to people who were involuntarily hospitalized for mental illness between the ages of. 11. texas sweepstakes laws. Acts 1999, 76th Leg. The average American has inherited about $58,000 as of 2022. Drag your logo to where it needs to be and resize by clicking or dragging on its. Many fear that Texas officials will now use a legal loophole to prevent records from being released after the case is closed. In Texas, a CSO is only requiredThe goal was to find out if vendors were illegally selling firearms. On this page you'll find links to the. This section of the Texas Constitution requires the Legislature to pass laws prohibiting "lotteries and gift enterprises”, providing exceptions for charitable bingo, state lotteries and charitable raffles. State Rep. Tex. Mar. At least, it was. M. Contact him at [email protected] so on. The ATF moves to close what gun control advocates have termed the "gun show loophole" by narrowing the definition of those "engaged in the business" of a firearms dealer. A2002. The bill’s prime sponsor, Sen. Greg Abbott. The state of Texas forbids any gambling devices, including eight-liners, from awarding players with cash prizes. Load, edit and print out and indication the delivered electronically Maryland USLegal Pamphlet on How to Conduct a Raffle. texas sweepstakes laws. In total, Texas facilities emitted 174 million pounds of pollution above permitted limits last year—up 155 percent from 2015. State Sen. But in late June, as cases and hospitalizations soared in Texas, Abbott ordered. This chapter may be cited as the. Cardinals Care will also launch the 2024 Winter Warm-Up 50/50 raffle on Friday, November 24, starting at 10:00 a. 1, eff. . The Worst States for Lottery Taxes. The Practice Aids page provides a list of library resources that may be useful to. ” In this release, there were a couple of regulations listed that could help borrowers who are pursuing PSLF. Contact him at npenz@usatoday. Make use of Visa or Mastercard or PayPal account to finish the deal. Pick the formatting and down load the form in your system. The response to news about gun raffles this week is a perfect example of why gun policy should never be made in response to demands from emotional, irrational, or hysterical people who are apoplectic over the very existence of guns. Brand your raffle tickets properly. Code § 2002. The only types of gambling that are legal in Texas are bingo games conducted by religious or non-profit organizations, state lotteries, and raffles conducted by religious, non-profit, or sporting organizations – as per the Texas Constitution, Article 3, Section 47. If the law passes, candidate and political committees could beef up their accounts by raffling off items, including alcoholic beverages. S. Here's how it workings. 47.